medieval-atlas/regional-and-local/454

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Forests By 12 14 Waiter Steward held three reserves including Renfrew. In Renfrew the Stewards faced the same problem as the king faced in royal forests, namely, the difficulty of maintaining a forest as a hunting reserve while at the same time permitting economic activity, whether grazing, woodcutting or leasing within the forest. In ~~p(ji~ \:1~ the thirteenth century, pasture fines were carefully organised: the fine was heavier in the close season and a watch was set; but no distinction was made in the open season between tended and untended animals. In 1208 x 1214, Waiter permitted Paisley to graze animals freely on their lands between the Old Patrick Water and the Espedair Bum; but these lands remained within his forest since he reserved the birds and beasts on them. lames Steward, by 1294-5, has tackled this problem much in the same way as Robert I did after him. He created a '!oresta prohibita' within his reserve where no economic activity was permitted, but liberated such exploitation in the rest of his reserve. The abbey had to pay the exactions -which had assumed the character of fines to a large extent -when their beasts were found on the unlet parts of the forest which presumably included theforesta prohibita. The map shows the Renfrew Forest and the other forests in the area with lands of the Stewards and Paisley Abbey. kms 100 miles GALA AND LEADER FOREST • 'Kert de' Paisley o Blackhall Park kms o 2 3 4 5 6 • Lands of tenants of Stewards I1 1 1 1 • Lands of Paisley Abbey I 1 1 I o 2 3 4 Renfrew Forest miles JMG 454

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