medieval-atlas/economic-development/321

Transcription

Hearth tax 1691 Number of hearths 000 Approximate o 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 populatiqlld' b h t m urg ':::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::::::::::::::::::':::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::::::::;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::':::::::::::::::::::'::::::::::::::::idi25:( {::'::::::::::::::::::;:I :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:':':':3'6'8'5':111 200 1@D42@D47 Glasgow .................................................................. + Barony parish ::::::::JeKJ CID Aberdeen + :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::2~~~::1~ freedom lands Dundee ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~~~1: South Leith :::::::::::::::::)$W: [ill] GD Canongate ::::::::::::::::::X54S:: [ill] 48 4,000 Ayr :::::::::::::1)98: [ill] StAndrews ::::::::::))j~: Inverness 'territory' ::::::::::)P99: ODGD Stirling ::::::::::):>:6:5: om@D Montrose :::::::::1'021: Kirkcaldy P :::::::::ioos; Perth :::::::::::9~~: Dumfries :::::::::i:iS'Z Linlithgow :::::}~~~: [illCID 3,000 Dalkeith CID Dysart P Hamilton P Kelso P The hearth tax, authorised by parliament in 1690 to pay for armies to Bo'ness fight the J acobites, levied a standard charge of14 shillings (70 pence) Irvine P on each hearth in a household. Scotland was divided up into thirty Cupar six districts, usually based on the shire but sometimes the presbytery. 2,000 Brechin P Lists survive, although generally of varying quality, for most of Forfar P lowland Scotland; they give the number of households and hearths, the names ofhouseholders, including those whose tax was unpaid or 'deficient' and also, at times, 'the poor', who were exempt. Direct Greenock Jedburgh translation of either numbers of hearths or of households into total North Leith population is difficult, as towns would, on average, have more Paisley hearths per household than rural areas and larger towns more than Burntisland P those of smaller: thus Dumfriesshire's rural parishes might roughly be estimated by using a multiplier of 4.8 on the number of hearths, Lanark whereas for Dumfries itself a figure of 3.8 would be more appropri Dunfermline ate, and for Edinburgh under 3.0. Also, returns for newer and some Kinghorn P other towns may well include the landward part of the parish and Crail P exaggerate their size; these are indicated by 'P'. The curving league Banff table, however, maybe compared with those produced by using other Alloa kinds of taxes in the seventeenth century. Arbroath P Peebles Selkirk 1,000 North Berwick P Dumbarton Inverkeithing Pittenweem P Renfrew P Kinross Wigtown Kilrenny P 'Deficient' (= unpaid) Hawick -:. 232 750 Elgin ::: 228 'Poor' (= exempt) South Queensferry P 247[JI] G:> Values too small to register on graph Anstruther E. P t]220 r::::::1 Approximate value Rutherglen 196[K) ~ ~ Forres Royal burghs Kelso Non royal burghs ~:::y ~:: Kirkcudbright P Parishes rather than burghs ~fso 500 Lauder :: 150 Cullen :: 147 Nairn :: 140 Whithorn :: 120 Anstruther W. 110 Stranraer 100 ML Ranking of hearth tax of burghs and parishes 1691 Campbeltown 93 Inveraray 57 New Galloway 41 CD 321