east-lothian-1924/05-252

Transcription

GLOSSARY

Abacus.-The uppermost member of a capital, resembling the flat slab which it originally was.
Almuce or Amess.-A shoulder cape lined with fur and descending in front in two long tails.
Architrave.-(1) Moulding round a door, window or similar opening ; (2) The part of an entablature
resting directly upon the column or pier.
Archivolt.-The under curve of an arch, and so also applied to the mouldings upon the curve.
Barbican.-A tower or advanced work defending the entrance to a castle ; may be applied to an
entrance lengthened on the same principle.
Barmkin.-A low enclosing wall.
Barrelvault.-A form of vaulted ceiling or tunnel vault resembling the interior of a half barrel
standing on its edges ; in the " pointed " barrel vault the curved sides rise to a pointed
not a circular arch.
Barrow.-An earthen burial mound.
Bastion.-A projecting part of a fortified work.
Bell cairn.-A circular cairn enclosed within a ditch and rampart also circular.
Bend.-(Heraldry). A bend of the same width as the Fess running diagonally across the shield
from the dexter top to the opposite base point ; when reversed in direction is is known as
a Bend-sinister.
Benatura.-A stoup or vessel for holy water.
Bezant.-A gold roundel or disc (Heraldry).
Bifid.-Partially cleft in two.
Birley tree.-The tree where the " birley " or " birlaw " court met : " Berlaw courts, the quhilks
are rewled be consent of neighbours." Skene (Reg. Maj. 74).
Bi-partite.-Divided into two parts e.g., arcade and clearstorey.
Bordure.-A border round the inside of the shield (Heraldry).
Brassarts.-Plate armour for the arms.
Bretasche.-A projecting covered platform on a castle wall, giving cover while commanding the
wall face below ; originally a name for a tower of wood.
Broach spire.-A spire rising from the sides of a tower without a parapet ; the angles of a
square tower are surmounted by semi-pyramids of masonry (broaches) when the spire is
octagonal.
Broch.-A tower-like structure peculiar to Scotland, circular in form, built with a double wall of
drystone masonry, which is bonded with slabs at varying levels, and having cells in the
solid basement.
Canons (ecclesiastics).-(1) Priests living under monastic rule e.g., Augustinian Canons. (2) A
grade of cathedral clergy.
Canons (of bell).-The loops by which a bell is hung.
Cap-house.-The small erection covering the stair leading up to the parapet walk of a building.
Cartouche.-An ornate panel, oval, round, or angular, which usually is placed in a pediment.
Centering (constructive).-A temporary timber framework supporting an arch during construction.
Chapter.-The clergy of a cathedral or collegiate church, or the members of a monastic order,
acting in council or as a body.
Charter of Novodamus.-A re-grant of lands (de novo damus=we give anew).
Chase.-A groove.
Checky, chequé, chequy.-Divided into squares (chequers) of alternate tinctures (Heraldry).
Chevron.-A charge of pointed gable form (Heraldry).
Cinquefoil.-(1) See Foil. (2) A flower of five petals (Heraldry).
Clearstorey.-A lighting storey or range of windows in the highest part of a nave, chancel, &c.
of a church.
Close.-(1) Said of a bird whose wings are not expanded (Heraldry). (2) An enclosure
Compony.-Formed by a row of rectangular pieces of alternating tinctures (Heraldry).

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Douglas Montgomery

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