east-lothian-1924/05-223

Transcription

WHITEKIRK AND] -- INVENTORY OF MONUMENTS IN EAST LOTHIAN. -- [TYNNINGHAME.

201. Tynninghame Church-Fragmentary
portions of the parish church of Tynninghame,
which was dedicated to St. Baldred, lie within
the policies of Tynninghame House, the seat of
the Earl of Haddington, about a mile north-
east of the village of Tynninghame.
The structure had an unaisled nave and
chancel, the latter terminating in an apse.
The nave and the walls of the chancel and apse
were demolished, leaving only the chancel arch,
the archway to the apse and the two apsidal
wall shafts (fig. 169). The apse was semi-
circular on plan and of the same width ex-
ternally as the chancel (fig. 170).
A railing erected on the line of the walls
encloses the ruin, which forms a burial place
for the Haddington family.
The nave had an external width of 27 feet
10 inches ; the eastern division between nave
and chancel is 3 feet 9

[illustration inserted]
FIG. 170.-Tynning-
hame Church (No. 201).

inches thick. The chancel
is 18 feet 3 inches long
and is separated from the
apse by a partition 3 feet
2 inches in thickness.
These latter divisions have
an external width of 24
feet 6 inches.
The archway between nave and chancel is
12 feet 3 inches wide. The jambs are recessed
and have engaged shafts in the angles and on
the jamb face. The bases, now covered, have
rudimentary mouldings. The capitals are of
the cushion type with rectangular abaci cham-
fered below ; the surfaces of both capitals
and abaci are enriched with imbrications.
The arch is in recessed orders, enriched on
the soffit and sides of the inner order with
the saw-tooth ornament ; between this and
the outer order, which also has the chevron
enrichment, is a fillet ornament. The hood-
mould is invected, with continuous semi-
circular indentations on either edge.
On the west face of the archway there is, on
either side of the arch, an arched recess 2 feet
deep and 3 feet wide, which contained an
alter. The northern recess is complete, and its
archivolt in enriched with the chevron ornament.
The archway between apse and chancel is
11 feet 7 inches wide. The jamb section is
similar to that of the chancel arch but smaller
in scale. This arch also is in recessed orders.

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Over each shaft of the jamb the order is
enriched with the saw-tooth ornament, the
intermediate orders with the chevron. The
hood-mould is enriched with a continuous
series of opposed half-roundels. The capitals
have palmette foliage voluted on the angle.
The abaci are similar in section and contour
to those of the outer arch but are enriched with
the palmette leaf.
The wall shafts of the apse have inter-
mediate bands enriched with the chevron. The
capitals are scalloped and cubical. The abaci
are elaborately surfaced with a lozenge motif.
Although the remains of the church are
scanty, the detail of the portions remaining
are in a remarkable state of preservation and
enable the date of the structure to be assigned
to the 12th century. The spirit of the mould-
ings suggests a French influence.
TOMB RECESS.-Within the south wall of the
chancel is a late 15th century tomb recess
6 feet 4 inches wide. The recess is arched
equilaterally ; on the archivolt are hollow and
bowtell mouldings. At the apex of the arch
are three escutcheons, of which that to the
dexter is placed on a fret and bears a fess
wreathed for Carmichael, presumably George
Carmichael, rector of Tynninghame in 1475,
who was appointed Bishop of Glasgow in 1482
but died before consecration. The central
shield bears a star between three cinquefoils,
which should be Hamilton of Belhaven. This
would put it much later than that above, but
the shield may have been originally blank, as
the sinister one still is, and the coat added later.
Within the recess is a worn female effigy,
which apparently, however, has been trans-
ferred to this place.
GRAVE-SLAB.-Within the apse is a slab of
red sandstone 3 feet long, 1 foot 9 1/2 inches broad
and 4 inches thick, on which is rudely incised
a Latin cross ; the arms, head and shaft have
a breadth of 2 1/2 to 3 inches. The arms terminate
in crude fleur-de-lys.
HISTORICAL NOTE.-Tynninghame Church
and lordship belonged to the (arch) bishops of
St. Andrews, the latter having the status of a
regality including the lands of Auldhame and of
" Knowis Inche and Scowgall."1 But the
earlier connection of the church was with
Lindesfarne, to which ecclesiastical settlement
belonged " all the land which pertains to the

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