east-lothian-1924/05-101

Transcription

GARVALD & BARA.] INVENTORY OF MONUMENTS IN EAST LOTHIAN. [GARVALD & BARA.

ditch or through the inner wall. An entrance
may have existed at the north-north-west
corner, where is a disused quarry. Immed-
iately to the south-east of the quarry, inside
the fort, there is an oval depression, apparently
surrounded by a stone wall, measuring 45 feet
from east to west and 30 feet from north to
south.

xvi. N.W. 17 May 1913.

51. Hill Fort, Garvald Mains.-This fort
(fig. 70), 150 yards south-west of Garvald Mains,
on the 600 feet contour line, occupies the
summit of a plateau projecting from the high
ground to the

[illustration inserted]
FIG. 70.-Fort, Garvald Mains
(No. 51).

east of the
Papana Water,
which flows past
on the south-
west 150 feet
below. On the
south and west
the ground falls
in a very steep
declivity to the
haugh on the
right bank of
the burn.
Roughly cir-
cular in plan
the enclosure measures 280 feet long by 240
feet broad internally. The hill top has been
scarped all round. A broad stone wall, plun-
dered for building material, 16 feet wide at the
foundation and rising 5 feet above the inner
level and 11 feet above the outer level, is seen
on the eastern side and has been carried along
the north, but this part is much destroyed and
can be seen only in places, where it shows a
breadth of 3 feet and a height of 1 foot above
the level of the interior. On the western side
facing the burn a terrace 12 feet wide has been
cut on the steep natural escarpment 9 1/2 feet
below the interior level. There is an entrance
12 feet wide in the south-eastern arc.

xi. S.W. 22 May 1913.

52. Hill Fort, "White Castle."-This earthen
fort occupies the summit of a peninsular pro-
montory jutting out from the northern slope
of a hill running up to Rangely Kipp, at an

35

elevation of 1000 feet above sea-level, on the
north-east side of the Garvald and Johnscleuch
Road, about 2 miles south-east of the former
place, in the sharp angle formed by the Thorter
Burn on the north and a short feeder on its
left bank to the west. On all sides except at the
narrow neck which joins it to the hill on the
south, the sides of the promontory are steep,
the fall to the Thorter Burn being as much as
130 feet. Oval in outline (fig. 71) with main axis
running north-west and south-east, the fort
measures internally 233 feet in length and 180
feet in breadth. It is most strongly defended
on the southern arc where it would be most
easily assailed.

[illustration inserted]
FIG. 71.-Whitecastle (No. 52).

Round the in-
terior of the
fort is a scarp
(fig. 72) which
on the east is
8 1/2 feet in height,
while on each
side of the south-
western en-
trance are the
remains of a
slight rampart.
Some 34 feet
from the latter
there is a ram-
part 22 feet in
breadth at the
base and rising 5 feet in height on the inside,
which, starting from the slight slope on the
south-west, swings round by the south to the
east, whence it is continued as a terrace, with a
scarp outside, some 10 feet broad and 12 feet
lower than the top of the inner scarp, till it
reaches the steep western slope. The next
defence takes the form of a rampart 12 feet in

[illustration inserted]
FIG. 72.-Section, Whitecastle (No. 52).

breadth and rising 1 foot to 4 feet above the
outside level to the south; it follows the plan of
the inner defence in being continued along the
north-eastern arc as a terrace, 7 feet in breadth
and 12 feet lower than the last scarp. But, as it
approaches the north, the rampart re-appears

  Transcribers who have contributed to this page.

Douglas Montgomery

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